:root {
  --paper: #faf9f6;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --ink: #183341;
  --body: #35444b;
  --muted: #5f686b;
  --accent: #806238;
  --line: #dcded8;
  --soft: #f0efe9;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Arial, sans-serif;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 110px; }
body { margin: 0; color: var(--body); background: var(--paper); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.7; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body::before { content: ""; display: block; height: 4px; background: var(--ink); }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
a, button, summary { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
button { font: inherit; color: inherit; cursor: pointer; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #af8950; outline-offset: 5px; border-radius: 2px; }
::selection { background: #e5dfcd; color: var(--ink); }
h1, h2, h3, h4, p, figure { margin: 0; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 400; }
h1, h2 { font-family: var(--serif); }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
.container { width: min(1120px, calc(100% - 96px)); margin-inline: auto; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; padding: 0; border: 0; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); }
.skip-link { position: fixed; inset-block-start: 12px; inset-inline-start: 20px; transform: translateY(-160%); padding: 10px 18px; background: var(--ink); color: white; z-index: 100; }
.skip-link:focus { transform: none; }
.site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(250,249,246,.97); }
.header-inner { min-height: 83px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; justify-content: space-between; }
.brand { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; color: var(--ink); }
.brand-dot { color: var(--accent); }
.main-navigation { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 29px; margin-inline-start: auto; }
.main-navigation a { font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; padding-block: 12px; position: relative; }
.main-navigation a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset-inline: 0; bottom: 6px; height: 1px; background: var(--accent); transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform .18s ease; }
.main-navigation a:hover::after { transform: scaleX(1); }
.header-controls { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; }
.languages { display: flex; align-items: center; padding-inline-start: 18px; border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--line); gap: 3px; }
.languages a { min-width: 37px; min-height: 44px; padding: 9px 8px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); text-decoration: none; position: relative; }
.languages a[lang="ar"] { font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; padding-inline: 9px; }
.languages a[aria-current] { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.languages a[aria-current]::after { content: ""; position: absolute; bottom: 4px; inset-inline: 9px; height: 2px; background: var(--accent); }
.menu-toggle { display: none; padding: 6px 0; border: 0; background: transparent; min-height: 44px; gap: 9px; align-items: center; font-size: 13px; }
.menu-icon { width: 19px; display: grid; gap: 5px; }
.menu-icon i { width: 19px; height: 1px; background: var(--ink); display: block; transition: transform .15s; }
.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-icon i:first-child { transform: translateY(3px) rotate(45deg); }
.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-icon i:last-child { transform: translateY(-3px) rotate(-45deg); }
.hero { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.55fr) minmax(0, .9fr); gap: 88px; padding-block: 78px 67px; align-items: center; }
.eyebrow { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .13em; line-height: 1.7; text-transform: uppercase; }
.hero-eyebrow { margin-block-end: 25px; max-width: 540px; }
h1 { font-size: clamp(42px, 4.8vw, 65px); letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.09; margin-block-end: 28px; }
h1 em { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 400; }
.hero-lead { font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--ink); max-width: 540px; margin-block-end: 20px; }
.hero-intro { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; max-width: 550px; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 25px; margin-block-start: 30px; }
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 20px; padding: 13px 20px; min-height: 49px; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; border: 1px solid var(--ink); border-radius: 2px; }
.button-primary { color: var(--white); background: var(--ink); transition: background .18s; }
.button-primary:hover { background: #294b5b; }
.inline-arrow { display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 8px; }
.text-link { font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: #a9b2b4; display: inline-block; padding-block: 5px; }
.text-link:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--ink); }
.external-arrow { display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 4px; }
.portrait { width: 100%; max-width: 355px; margin-inline-start: auto; }
.portrait-frame { position: relative; background: #e1e2e2; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; border-radius: 3px; overflow: hidden; }
.portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 17%; }
.portrait figcaption { padding-block-start: 13px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; }
.portrait-name { font-family: var(--serif); color: var(--ink); font-size: 17px; }
.photo-credit { font-size: 10px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; }
.profile-strip { border-block: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--soft); }
.profile-strip-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .9fr 1fr 1.2fr; padding-block: 22px; gap: 32px; align-items: center; }
.profile-strip p { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; }
.profile-strip p:not(:first-child) { padding-inline-start: 32px; border-inline-start: 1px solid #cdd0c8; }
.strip-label { color: var(--ink); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; }
.section { padding-block: 83px; }
.section-heading { max-width: 770px; margin-block-end: 43px; }
.section-heading .eyebrow { margin-block-end: 13px; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.3vw, 43px); line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.025em; margin-block-end: 18px; }
.section-intro { max-width: 690px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75; }
.expertise-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 38px; }
.expertise { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block-start: 19px; }
.expertise-number { color: var(--accent); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; }
.expertise h3 { margin-block: 12px 15px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.4; font-weight: 500; max-width: 320px; }
.expertise p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
.doctoral-research { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .8fr 2.4fr; gap: 42px; padding: 35px 37px; margin-block-start: 50px; background: var(--soft); border-inline-start: 3px solid var(--accent); }
.doctoral-label { padding-block-start: 3px; }
.small-rule { display: block; width: 31px; height: 1px; background: var(--accent); margin-block-start: 15px; }
.doctoral-copy h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 25px; line-height: 1.35; margin-block-end: 13px; }
.doctoral-copy p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; }
summary { list-style: none; cursor: pointer; }
summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.research-details { margin-block-start: 16px; }
.research-details summary { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 13px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink); min-height: 36px; border-bottom: 1px solid #b3b9b4; }
.research-details p { padding-block-start: 14px; }
.plus { position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 12px; min-width: 12px; height: 12px; }
.plus::before, .plus::after { content: ""; position: absolute; background: var(--accent); }
.plus::before { top: 5px; left: 0; width: 12px; height: 1px; }
.plus::after { top: 0; left: 5px; height: 12px; width: 1px; }
details[open] > summary .plus::after { display: none; }
.publications-section { background: var(--white); border-block: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publications-section .section-heading { margin-block-end: 30px; }
.publication-filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin-block-end: 28px; }
.publication-filters button { padding: 8px 15px; min-height: 44px; font-size: 12px; border: 1px solid #d9dedb; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--white); }
.publication-filters button[aria-pressed="true"] { border-color: var(--ink); background: var(--ink); color: white; }
.publication-filters button:hover:not([aria-pressed="true"]) { border-color: var(--ink); }
.book-feature { background: var(--ink); color: #e5e9e9; padding: 42px 46px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 205px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 49px; align-items: center; margin-block-end: 14px; }
.book-image { width: 100%; max-width: 205px; }
.book-image img { width: 100%; height: auto; box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(0,0,0,.2); }
.book-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 15px; margin-block-end: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.book-meta .eyebrow { color: #d3b785; }
.book-feature h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 31px; line-height: 1.25; color: white; letter-spacing: -.015em; }
.book-feature .publication-subtitle { color: #d8e0e1; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; margin-block-start: 6px; }
.publication-authors { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.65; margin-block-start: 10px; text-align: start; }
.book-feature .publication-authors { color: #d1d9dc; margin-block-start: 15px; }
.book-description { font-size: 14px; margin-block-start: 17px; line-height: 1.8; }
.book-publisher { font-size: 12px; color: #cbd5d7; margin-block: 12px; }
.book-feature .text-link { color: white; text-decoration-color: #99abae; }
.book-feature .language-tag { border-color: #65808a; color: #dce7e9; }
.publication-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 65px minmax(0, 1fr) 130px; gap: 20px; padding-block: 29px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-year { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--accent); padding-block-start: 3px; text-align: start; }
.publication-meta { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.65; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; align-items: center; margin-block-end: 10px; }
.language-tag { display: inline-flex; border: 1px solid #d4dcd8; padding: 1px 7px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 400; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1.7; }
.publication-copy h3 { font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.35; font-family: var(--serif); }
.publication-subtitle { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--body); margin-block-start: 4px; }
.publication-description { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; margin-block-start: 12px; }
.publication-action { padding-block-start: 28px; text-align: end; }
.substack-subsection { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); margin-block-start: 52px; padding-block-start: 45px; scroll-margin-top: 110px; }
.substack-heading { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) auto; gap: 30px; align-items: end; margin-block-end: 30px; }
.substack-heading .eyebrow { margin-block-end: 10px; }
.substack-heading h3 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 31px; line-height: 1.3; margin-block-end: 12px; }
.substack-intro { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; max-width: 650px; }
.substack-archive { max-width: 270px; }
.substack-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 35px; }
.substack-essay { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block-start: 19px; min-width: 0; }
.substack-meta { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; margin-block-end: 15px; }
.substack-essay h4 { font-family: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Georgia, serif; font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.35; min-height: 2.7em; text-align: start; }
.substack-summary { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; margin-block-start: 14px; flex-grow: 1; }
.substack-essay > .text-link { margin-block-start: 18px; }
.publication-copy h3[lang="ar"] { font-family: "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Traditional Arabic", "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 1.6; }
.media-section { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.media-subsection { scroll-margin-top: 110px; }
.media-subtitle { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 27px; line-height: 1.35; margin-block-end: 26px; }
.broadcast-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 35px; }
.press-subsection { margin-block-start: 44px; }
.press-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 27px 45px; }
.media-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; padding-block-start: 19px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); min-width: 0; }
.media-meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 5px 12px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.6; margin-block-end: 10px; }
.media-meta bdi { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.media-format { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.7; margin-block-end: 14px; }
.media-format .language-tag { color: var(--muted); }
.media-card h4 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.35; margin-block-end: 12px; }
.media-description { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; flex-grow: 1; }
.media-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px 18px; margin-block-start: 15px; }
.further-media { margin-block-start: 29px; }
.further-media > summary { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; color: var(--ink); font-size: 13px; padding-block: 9px; border-bottom: 1px solid #b3b9b4; }
.further-media-grid { padding-block-start: 24px; }
.media-card-compact h4 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; margin-block-end: 0; }
.background-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.65fr 1fr; gap: 78px; }
.column-title { font-size: 13px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .09em; font-weight: 600; padding-block-end: 17px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.experience-item { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.experience-item summary { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 90px minmax(0,1fr) 12px; gap: 15px; align-items: start; padding-block: 22px; }
.experience-year { color: var(--accent); font-size: 12px; padding-block-start: 2px; text-align: start; }
.experience-heading { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px; }
.experience-org { color: var(--ink); font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.5; text-align: start; }
.experience-role { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; }
.experience-item summary .plus { margin-block-start: 7px; }
.experience-detail { padding-block-end: 23px; padding-inline: 105px 24px; }
.experience-detail p { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.85; }
.experience-item summary:hover .experience-org { color: var(--accent); }
.former-profile { margin-block-start: 22px; }
.education-item { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 20px; }
.education-year { font-size: 12px; color: var(--accent); text-align: start; }
.education-item h4 { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; font-weight: 500; margin-block: 6px; }
.education-item p:not(.education-year) { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.8; color: var(--muted); }
.contact-section { background: var(--ink); color: #dce5e7; }
.contact-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.3fr 1fr; gap: 80px; padding-block: 68px; align-items: center; }
.contact-section .eyebrow { color: #d3b785; margin-block-end: 14px; }
.contact-section h2 { color: var(--white); margin-block-end: 19px; font-size: 39px; }
.contact-section p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size: 14px; max-width: 510px; }
.contact-section .contact-location { color: #bbcbd0; font-size: 11px !important; margin-block-start: 22px; }
.contact-actions { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 24px; }
.contact-email { text-decoration: none; padding-block: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #6c858d; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
.contact-email > span { font-size: 11px; color: #d5e0e2; }
.contact-email bdi { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 24px; color: white; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.contact-link { font-size: 13px; padding-block: 6px; }
.contact-email:hover { border-color: white; }
.site-footer { background: var(--paper); }
.footer-inner { min-height: 86px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 20px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); }
.back-to-top { text-decoration: none; padding-block: 14px; }
.back-to-top span { margin-inline-start: 10px; }
html[lang="fi"] h1 { font-size: clamp(37px, 4.3vw, 58px); }
html[lang="ar"] { --sans: Tahoma, "Segoe UI", Arial, sans-serif; --serif: "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Geeza Pro", "Traditional Arabic", "Times New Roman", serif; }
html[lang="ar"] .eyebrow, html[lang="ar"] .column-title { letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 13px; }
html[lang="ar"] .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 13px; }
html[lang="ar"] h1 { letter-spacing: 0; line-height: 1.35; font-size: clamp(40px, 4.8vw, 64px); }
html[lang="ar"] h1 em { font-style: normal; }
html[lang="ar"] h2 { line-height: 1.4; letter-spacing: 0; }
html[lang="ar"] h3[dir="ltr"], html[lang="ar"] .publication-subtitle[dir="ltr"], html[lang="ar"] .publication-authors, html[lang="ar"] .contact-email bdi { font-family: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Georgia, serif; }
html[lang="ar"] .publication-authors { font-size: 13px; }
html[lang="ar"] .publication-row { grid-template-columns: 65px minmax(0,1fr) 125px; }
html[lang="ar"] .expertise p, html[lang="ar"] .doctoral-copy p, html[lang="ar"] .publication-description, html[lang="ar"] .book-description { line-height: 1.95; }
html[lang="ar"] .experience-role, html[lang="ar"] .education-item p:not(.education-year) { line-height: 1.9; }
html[lang="ar"] .substack-heading h3 { line-height: 1.5; }
html[lang="ar"] .substack-summary { line-height: 1.95; }
html[lang="ar"] .media-description { line-height: 1.95; }
html[lang="ar"] .media-card h4, html[lang="ar"] .media-subtitle { line-height: 1.5; }

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .container { width: calc(100% - 64px); }
  .header-inner { gap: 20px; }
  .brand { font-size: 21px; }
  .main-navigation { gap: 19px; }
  .languages { padding-inline-start: 12px; }
  .hero { gap: 48px; }
  .hero-lead { font-size: 18px; }
  .background-grid { gap: 45px; }
  .contact-inner { gap: 45px; }
  .contact-email bdi { font-size: 21px; }
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .header-inner { min-height: 74px; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0; }
  .header-controls { margin-inline-start: auto; }
  .js .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
  .main-navigation { order: 3; width: 100%; margin: 0; gap: 22px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 11px; }
  .js .main-navigation[data-open="false"] { display: none; }
  .main-navigation a { font-size: 14px; padding-block: 9px; }
  .hero { gap: 35px; padding-block: 58px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(0,.9fr); }
  h1 { font-size: 44px; }
  html[lang="fi"] h1 { font-size: 38px; }
  html[lang="ar"] h1 { font-size: 44px; }
  .hero-intro { font-size: 14px; }
  .hero-actions { gap: 18px; }
  .portrait figcaption { gap: 4px; }
  .photo-credit { font-size: 9px; }
  .section { padding-block: 65px; }
  .expertise-grid { gap: 25px; }
  .expertise h3 { font-size: 17px; }
  .doctoral-research { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 17px; padding: 28px; }
  .small-rule { display: none; }
  .book-feature { padding: 32px; gap: 32px; grid-template-columns: 155px minmax(0,1fr); }
  .book-feature h3 { font-size: 28px; }
  .substack-heading { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 15px; }
  .substack-grid { gap: 24px; }
  .broadcast-grid { gap: 24px; }
  .press-grid { gap: 26px 32px; }
  .publication-row, html[lang="ar"] .publication-row { grid-template-columns: 55px minmax(0,1fr); }
  .publication-action { grid-column: 2; padding-block-start: 0; text-align: start; }
  .background-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1.45fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap: 33px; }
  .experience-item summary { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 12px; gap: 8px; }
  .experience-year { grid-column: 1; }
  .experience-heading { grid-column: 1; }
  .experience-item summary .plus { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / 3; align-self: center; margin: 0; }
  .experience-detail { padding-inline: 0 22px; }
  .contact-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; padding-block: 56px; }
  .contact-email bdi { font-size: 25px; }
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .container { width: calc(100% - 40px); }
  .brand { font-size: 19px; }
  .header-inner { min-height: 70px; }
  .header-controls { gap: 11px; }
  .languages { padding-inline-start: 0; border: 0; gap: 0; }
  .languages a { padding-inline: 6px; min-width: 31px; }
  .languages a[lang="ar"] { padding-inline: 6px; }
  .menu-toggle > span:first-child { display: none; }
  .main-navigation { gap: 20px; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .main-navigation a { font-size: 13px; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 35px; padding-block: 44px 35px; }
  .hero-eyebrow { font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .08em; margin-block-end: 21px; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(39px, 10.7vw, 59px); margin-block-end: 23px; }
  html[lang="fi"] h1 { font-size: clamp(35px, 9vw, 48px); }
  html[lang="ar"] h1 { font-size: clamp(39px, 10.5vw, 58px); }
  .hero-lead { font-size: 18px; }
  .hero-intro { font-size: 14px; }
  .hero-actions { margin-block-start: 25px; }
  .portrait { width: min(100%, 260px); margin-inline: auto; }
  .portrait-frame { aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; }
  .portrait img { object-position: 50% 17%; }
  .photo-credit { font-size: 10px; }
  .profile-strip-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; padding-block: 23px; }
  .profile-strip p { flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px 12px; }
  .profile-strip p:not(:first-child) { border: 0; padding: 0; }
  .section { padding-block: 51px; }
  .section-heading { margin-block-end: 29px; }
  h2 { font-size: 33px; margin-block-end: 15px; }
  .section-intro { font-size: 15px; }
  .expertise-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 27px; }
  .expertise { padding-block-start: 15px; }
  .expertise h3 { font-size: 19px; margin-block: 9px 11px; max-width: 100%; }
  .expertise p { font-size: 14px; }
  .doctoral-research { margin-block-start: 33px; padding: 22px; gap: 14px; }
  .doctoral-copy h3 { font-size: 23px; }
  .publication-filters { gap: 6px; margin-block-end: 22px; }
  .publication-filters button { font-size: 11px; padding-inline: 10px; }
  .book-feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 25px; gap: 26px; }
  .book-image { max-width: 145px; margin-inline: auto; }
  .book-feature h3 { font-size: 28px; }
  .book-feature .publication-subtitle { font-size: 15px; }
  .publication-row, html[lang="ar"] .publication-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; padding-block: 25px; }
  .publication-year { font-size: 17px; padding: 0; }
  .publication-copy h3 { font-size: 23px; }
  .publication-action { grid-column: 1; padding: 0; }
  .substack-subsection { margin-block-start: 35px; padding-block-start: 32px; }
  .substack-heading h3 { font-size: 28px; }
  .substack-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 26px; }
  .substack-essay h4 { min-height: auto; }
  .broadcast-grid, .press-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .media-subtitle { font-size: 25px; }
  .press-subsection { margin-block-start: 35px; }
  .background-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 42px; }
  .experience-item summary { grid-template-columns: 82px minmax(0,1fr) 12px; gap: 12px; padding-block: 20px; }
  .experience-year { grid-column: 1; }
  .experience-heading { grid-column: 2; }
  .experience-item summary .plus { grid-column: 3; grid-row: 1; align-self: start; margin-block-start: 7px; }
  .experience-detail { padding-inline: 94px 24px; }
  .experience-org { font-size: 14px; }
  .experience-role { font-size: 12px; }
  .contact-section h2 { font-size: 33px; }
  .contact-email bdi { font-size: clamp(19px, 5.2vw, 25px); }
  .footer-inner { min-height: 85px; gap: 10px; padding-block: 20px; }
  .copyright-note { display: none; }
}
@media (max-width: 370px) {
  .brand { font-size: 17px; }
  .header-controls { gap: 8px; }
  .languages a { min-width: 28px; padding-inline: 4px; }
  .hero-actions { gap: 14px; }
  .button { padding-inline: 15px; }
  .experience-item summary { grid-template-columns: 1fr 12px; }
  .experience-year, .experience-heading { grid-column: 1; }
  .experience-item summary .plus { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / 3; align-self: center; margin: 0; }
  .experience-detail { padding-inline: 0 20px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; }
}